Emotional Labor: A Conceptual Review

Abstract

The study includes the definition of the concept of emotional labor and its sub-dimensions, approaches related to the concept, relations with other variables. The approach of the American sociologist Arlie R. Hochschild, who introduced the concept of emotional labor to the literature, and the approaches of latter researchers are presented chronologically. Then, these approaches are compared and their different aspects are revealed. The study also includes the importance of emotional labor for organizations, its effects and results on employees and organizations. At the end of the study, suggestions are presented for employees, organizations, and researchers.